Medical Radiation Sources
Natural and artificial radioactive, radioionizing substances are used in hospitals for the diagnosis, identification, and treatment of diseases in the following units and with the devices specified.
a- In Radiology Departments
In radiographic and fluoroscopic X-ray sources,
In Computed Tomography and Mammography devices,
In portable X-ray devices.
b- In Radiation Oncology Departments
In high-dose X-ray therapy systems (LINAC),
In Cobalt-60 teletherapy systems,
In brachytherapy sources,
In Gamma Knife systems.
c- In Nuclear Medicine Departments
With radioisotopes used in diagnosis and treatment,
In PET-CT (Positron Emission Tomography – Computed Tomography) and SPECT (Single Photon Emission Computed Tomography) devices,
In RIA (Radio Immuno Assay) laboratories.
d- In Angiography and Catheter Rooms and Operating Theaters
In devices performing fluoroscopic and radiographic examinations with X-rays.
e- In various departments such as Neurosurgery, Orthopedics, Gastroenterology, and Urology
In all devices performing diagnosis and treatment of patients related to the relevant specialty, with similar features to devices performing fluoroscopic and radiographic examinations with X-rays.
f- In Blood Bank Units
In blood irradiation devices used in these units.
g- In Research Laboratories in various departments of Education and Research Hospitals affiliated with Medical Faculties
The radioisotopes used in these laboratories are ionizing radiation sources.
Corpuscular Emission can be translated into Turkish as "particle radiation." Unlike photons used in X-rays, these radiations have mass. Alpha, Beta particles, Neutrons, and Positrons fall under this category and all form ionizing radiation.
Devices emitting ionizing radiation through corpuscular radiation or particle radiation are used in hospitals for cancer treatment;
Radiation oncology
Nuclear medicine, and
Radiology departments.
PET or PET-CT devices used in Nuclear Medicine or Radiology departments, known as Positron Emission Tomography – Computed Tomography, emit positron radiation and are used in these departments to visualize the spread of diseases in cancer patients.
Devices Used in Controlled Areas
Radiology Department
Radiography rooms (X-ray),
Fluoroscopy rooms,
Mammography rooms,
Computed Tomography rooms,
PET-CT rooms.
Radiation Oncology Department
Conventional Simulator (X-ray)
CT Simulator (X-ray)
Brachytherapy rooms (Photon)
Teletherapy rooms (Beta and X-ray)
LINAC (Linear Accelerator rooms)
Cobalt 60 (Gamma – X-ray)
Gamma Knife (Gamma ray)
Cyber Knife (X-ray)
Tomotherapy room (X-ray)
Nuclear Medicine Department
Hot rooms,
RIA laboratory,
Gamma camera rooms,
Patient preparation room,
